Photo by Oskar Kadaksoo on Unsplash
Overview of Germany’s New Sick Leave Rules
The new “sick leave reform” introduced by Germany’s coalition government marks a significant change for employees and employers alike. The coalition of CDU, CSU, and SPD agreed to abolish telephone-based medical certificates for sick leave, requiring workers to submit a doctor’s certificate starting from the first day of illness. This measure forms part of a broader reform package aimed at tax relief, social security stabilization, and labor market improvements planned to take effect within 2026 [Source 1][Seed Article].
Previously, telephone sick notes were allowed as a flexibility measure, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic, to reduce contact and ease access to medical certification. However, the government now intends to revert to in-person medical certification to prevent misuse and ensure more rigorous monitoring of sick leave cases [Source 5][Source 6].
Details of the Sick Leave and Certification Changes
Under the new rules, employees will have to present a medical certificate (Arbeitsunfähigkeitsbescheinigung) to their employer from the very first day they are unable to work due to illness. This replaces the previous system where certification was only compulsory starting on the fourth day of sickness or could be provided by phone for shorter periods. The telephone sick note system, which did not increase the number of sick days according to studies cited by health officials, will be completely discontinued [Source 2][Source 6].
The government argues that while the telephone system offered some administrative convenience and reduced infection risks, it also led to increased administrative burden for doctors and did not contribute to controlling absenteeism rates. Critics warn that requiring physical doctor visits from day one might burden healthcare providers and could present challenges for employees, especially those with limited access to doctors [Seed Article][Source 7].
Implications for Expats and International Workers in Germany
This reform directly affects expats, international students, and foreign workers employed in Germany. The requirement for a doctor’s certificate from day one of illness imposes stricter documentation obligations. Expats should be aware that telephonic certification will no longer be accepted, which means they must visit a healthcare practitioner in person promptly when they fall ill to comply with employer and insurance regulations.
Additionally, expats working on short-term contracts or without established family doctors may face logistical and financial challenges, including longer wait times and potential out-of-pocket costs for doctor visits. It is advisable for foreign employees to familiarize themselves with local healthcare providers early on and understand the procedure for obtaining medical certificates.
From an administrative perspective, employers will also need to adjust their sick leave policies and educate employees about these changes to ensure compliance. The reform aligns with Germany’s efforts to streamline labor practices but requires practical adaptation by foreign workers and their employers [Seed Article][Source 2].
